Which of the following can present with abdominal pain in children?

While pneumonia is indeed associated with abdominal pain in children because of referred pain from the diaphragm or pressure from inflamed lung tissue, it’s important to recognize that other conditions can also manifest with abdominal pain.

Croup can present with abdominal discomfort, as the respiratory distress and associated coughing can lead to muscular tension and pain. Furthermore, pertussis can lead to episodes of severe coughing, which may also cause abdominal pain due to increased intrathoracic and intra-abdominal pressure.

Considering this, when evaluating a child with abdominal pain, one should think broadly about the various conditions affecting not just the abdominal organs but also the respiratory system and their potential for causing referred pain. It highlights the complexity of presenting symptoms in pediatric patients and reinforces the idea that multiple diagnoses may need consideration when evaluating a clinical scenario.