How can a nurse tell that an intraosseous line is infiltrated?

Infiltration of an intraosseous line occurs when the fluid that is intended to enter the vascular system is instead leaking into the surrounding tissue. A key indicator of this is the feeling of fluid leaking under the leg, which suggests that the fluid is not remaining in the intended space. This typically results in rapid swelling and discomfort as the tissue becomes engorged with the infused fluid.

When a nurse suspects infiltration, the sensation of fluid under the skin is a direct sign of failure in the catheter's integrity and indicates that the infusion is not proceeding as planned. Recognizing this feeling is crucial for prompt intervention, as infiltration can lead to tissue damage if not addressed quickly.

Other symptoms that may accompany infiltration, such as pain, swelling, or changes in skin temperature, can also occur but are often secondary observations. However, the immediate sensation of fluid leakage is a clear and definitive indicator of infiltration in this context.